Zo.5-2-2012 UPDATE-2: Special WRC report #2
The procedures used by the Int’l Telecommunication Union (ITU) before and during a World Radiocommunication Conference (WRC) seem complicated. They are somewhat complicated but they are understandable with a bit of background.
Each agenda item that will be decided at a WRC has been studied for at least 3 or 4 years leading up to a WRC. ITU Working Parties discuss the issues involved in the agenda item. Compatibility studies, sharing studies, experiments, etc. take place whenever needed so that discussions and decisions can be made based upon facts rather than opinions. Within a year prior to the start of a WRC an important meeting called the Conference Preparatory Meeting (CPM) occurs. The CPM report pulls together all of the information dealing with each of the agenda items and sets forth the various ways, if there is more than one, that an agenda item can be satisfied or decided. By the time of the CPM, most all of the arguments in favor of the agenda item and opposed to the agenda items have been thoroughly discussed in the many meetings that take place regarding each agenda item. When a national administration arrives at the WRC, decisions have generally been made by that administration whether to be in favor or opposed to any particular agenda items. However, it is usually not that clear cut. Some administrations may be in favor if certain adjustments or modifications are made to one or more of the proposed methods to satisfy the agenda item. In other words, discussions and negotiations really get started during the earlier stages of the WRC. For example, Administration X may withhold support or opposition on a specific proposal until other administrations agree to support Administration X’s position on other agenda items that Administration X is very interested in.
At the beginning of the WRC, each agenda item is assigned to a Sub-Working Group (SWG) to allow interested administrations and other interested attendees the opportunity to discuss the agenda item. This is the stage where most of the negotiations and compromises are made in order to arrive at a consensus as to how to decide the agenda item. The preferred way is to have a consensus by the SWG attendees. Many times the consensus is achieved by all parties realizing that the result may very well turn out to be a situation where “everyone is a little bit unhappy.”
The flow of the work is that the output of the SWG goes to the Working Group level. After the WG level deals with the issue it moves to the Committee level. By the time the issue gets to the Committee level, revisions to the work done at the lower levels is generally not done. Once the agenda item passes the Committee level, it goes to the Plenary for two readings. If it passes the two readings the agenda item appears in the Final Acts of the WRC.
There are also times when a consensus by ALL parties is just not possible. An agenda item can move from the SWG stage to the Working Group stage where most administrations have reached a consensus on how to resolve the issue but there are still some administrations that are in favor of No Change (NOC).
Agenda Item 1.23. In the case of agenda item 1.23, there was a good deal of support among administrations at the SWG level for a secondary allocation to amateur radio just below 500 kHz. However, there was strong resistance by several administrations to the allocation based upon a stated concern that amateur operation in that portion of the spectrum could cause interference to Non-Directional Beacons. SWG 4C3 (the SWG dealing with agenda item 1.23) met 12 times over a period of ten days trying to arrive at a consensus on 1.23. Finally, a consensus was achieved on the issue by adding various footnotes dealing with the allocation that satisfied most of the administrations opposing the allocation. At the end of the day, there were still a couple of administrations opposing the allocation. As a result, the SWG elevated the issue to the Working Group level with 2 options to satisfy the agenda item:
- a secondary allocation to the amateur service in the band 472-479 kHz with certain operating conditions set forth in footnotes to the allocation, or
- No Change (in other words, no amateur allocation).
The proposal that has been agreed to by most administrations that support the amateur allocation calls for a worldwide secondary allocation to the amateur service at 472 to 479 kHz with a power limit of 1 watt e.i.r.p., but with a provision for administrations to permit up to 5 watts e.i.r.p. for stations located more than 800 km from certain countries that wish to protect their aeronautical radionavigation service (non-directional beacons) from any possible interference. Proposed footnotes provide administrations with opportunities to opt out of the amateur allocation and/or to upgrade their aeronautical radionavigation service to primary if they wish to do so. In addition to these protections for aeronautical radionavigation, the amateur service must avoid harmful interference to the primary maritime mobile service.
At the Working Group meeting, there was no shifting of positions so the matter was elevated to the next level to Committee 4 with the same 2 options. The Committee 4 meeting takes place on Tuesday, 7 February. I will report on the results of that Committee 4 meeting but based upon the results thus far, I am cautiously optimistic that the amateurs will have a new secondary allocation at 472-479 kHz.
Agenda Item 1.15. Another agenda item being carefully watched by the IARU is agenda item 1.15 dealing with oceanographic radar. One of the candidate bands for the placement of oceanographic radar is 5.250 to 5.275 MHz. There have been a number of administrations that have granted amateurs access to spectrum around 5 MHz. In fact, one of the bands listed by IARU as a future allocation is 5 MHz. If oceanographic radar is operating in the 5.250-5.275 MHz band, that may impact the ability of the amateurs to obtain an allocation in that area. The candidate bands have not been finalized as yet at the WRC.
(HD:iaru-Rod Stafford W6ROD IARU Secretary)
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Do.2-2-2012 UPDATE-1: WRC-12 Day 9 – 31st January 2012 – Movement Forward
On the IARU Region 1 site, Colin Thomas G3PSM reports that at last there is a glimmer of light at the end of the tunnel!
Agenda Item 1.23 – 500kHz
After 11 meetings of the sub working group concerned with the 500kHz proposal, no consensus has yet been reached on whether the amateur service should even have an allocation. The discussions are at a very pivotal point at the moment, with both the Russian regional group and China making positive inputs into the discussions and even Iran suggesting an amendment to a proposed footnote. The main topic of discussion is the amount of protection that can be offered to the aeronautical radionavigation service, specifically the non-directional beacons operating in this frequency band. The 12th and final meeting of this sub working group takes place tomorrow evening.
Agenda Item 1.15 – HF Oceanic Radar
Numerous meetings are taking place on this agenda item on the HF Oceanic Radar proposal. Of particular interest are the discussions centred around 5MHz and it appears the original US proposal for a 200kHz segment at 5250-5450kHz was first reduced to either a 100kHz segment at 5250-5350kHz or 5350-5450kHz, and is now a 50kHz segment between 5200-5250kHz. At least 3 further meetings of this working group are scheduled for tomorrow, with various associated meetings also taking place.
Agenda Item 1.22 – Short Ranges Devices
No changes to the Radio Regulations will take place in connection with SRDs.
Agenda Item 8.2 – Future Agenda Items
The Cuban proposal for a 50kHz segment at 5MHz was presented to the relevant working group considering possible conference future agenda items. The proposal was supported by the Dominican Republic, Venezuela, New Zealand and the African Telecommunications Union group. The US did not oppose but would like to discuss the amount of spectrum asked for before coming to a decision one way or another. Discussion on this item will continue tomorrow. Iran asked that it should be noted that there were administrations present against this proposal.
IARU-R1
http://www.iaru-r1.org/
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Zo.29-1-2012: IARU Special WRC Report No. 1
Rod Stafford W6ROD, Secretary International Amateur Radio Union, has released a report on WRC-12 taking place in Geneva.
The International Telecommunication Union (“ITU”) World Radiocommunication Conference 2012 (WRC-12) started 23 January 2012 in Geneva, Switzerland. This is the “big show” for spectrum allocation matters and a very important meeting if you are an amateur radio operator anywhere in the world. Every 4 or 5 years a WRC takes place. The last one was in 2007.
Approximately 3,000 people will attend WRC-12. These are government officials, telecommunication industry people and others, like the IARU, who have an interest in the use of the radio spectrum. The agenda items discussed during WRC-12 were established at the previous WRC in 2007. In the past 4.5 years there have been many committee meetings within the ITU to try to arrive at solutions that will satisfy each of the agenda items. In the case of some of the agenda items, several possible methods to satisfy the agenda item have been identified. It is up to the WRC to select the most appropriate method to satisfy the agenda item, that is, to arrive at an worldwide solution to the issue presented in the agenda item.
There are a number of agenda items for WRC-12 that have some impact on amateur radio, immediately or sometime in the future. Each of the agenda items is assigned to a committee and also sub-working groups. Within each of these sub-working groups the agenda items are discussed in detail, the proposals from regional telecommunication organizations are analyzed, and the discussion proceeds toward developing a consensus on the agenda item. It seems to the casual observer to be a slow, tedious process but it works quite well in developing consensus, assuming the parties are at least a little bit flexible in their views.
AI 1.23 . The agenda item that has been discussed widely within the amateur community over the last 5 years is agenda item AI 1.23. In 2007, the agenda item was stated as follows: “to consider an allocation of about 15 kHz in parts of the band 415-526.5 kHz to the amateur service on a secondary basis, taking into account the need to protect existing services.” There are a number of suggested ways to satisfy this agenda item that are being discussed at the WRC: 1. A secondary allocation of up to 15 kHz to the ARS on a worldwide basis between 472 kHz and 487 kHz. 2. Two non-contiguous worldwide secondary allocations to the ARS at 461-469 kHz and 471-478 kHz, totalling 15 kHz. 3. A CEPT proposal for a worldwide secondary allocation of 8 KHz from 472 to 480 kHz. 4. No change.
It appears from the first several days of committee meetings that many of the member states attending the WRC are in favor of granting the amateur radio service an allocation but the details remain to be established. The member states that are in favor of No Change (NOC) have stated that they are primarily concerned with possible interference to Non Direction Beacons that currently operate in the spectrum under consideration. It is still early in the process to determine if the amateur service will succeed in gaining an allocation in this portion of the spectrum.
AI 1.10 . This agenda item is as follows: “to examine the frequency allocation requirements with regard to operation of safety systems for ships and ports and associated regulatory provisions, in accordance with Resolution 357 (WRC-07).” This agenda item might have impacted the IARU goal of achieving a secondary allocation under AI 1.23. However, with the dropping of the AI 1.23 Method for an amateur allocation between 493 and 510 kHz, there should no longer be a conflict between maritime service objectives for AI 1.10 and amateur service objectives for AI 1.23.
AI 1.15 . This agenda item is as follows: “to consider possible allocations in the range 3-50 MHz to the radiolocation service for oceanographic radar applications, taking into account the results of ITU-R studies, in accordance with Resolution 612 .” ITU committee meetings leading up to WRC-12 have identified the following bands to be studied under this Agenda Item:
3.5 – 5.5 MHz, 8 – 10 MHz, 12 – 14 MHz, 24 – 30 MHz, 39 – 45 MHz. These have been refined to particular candidate sub-bands including 5.060-5.450 MHz, 13.870-14.000 MHz, 24.000-24.890 MHz and 29.700-30.000 MHz. The IARU position is that oceanographic radar applications are incompatible with the amateur and amateur satellite services in the range 3 to 50 MHz and should not be allocated in bands already allocated to the amateur and amateur satellite service, including 5.250-5.450 MHz in which a growing number of administrations are providing for some access by amateurs on a domestic basis.
Footnotes. At each WRC, there is an agenda item that deals with footnotes contained within the Radio Regulations. Generally, this is a situation where an administration (a country) has “opted out” of the decision of a WRC and therefore creates an exception to the table of frequencies in the Radio Regulations. For example, a country may say that it will not use a certain service in a portion of the spectrum that has been designated for that service by the WRC. Therefore, a footnote is created in the Radio Regulations for that portion of the spectrum indicating a designated use is not available in that country even though it may be available in many other parts of the world. There are a number of examples of footnotes that relate to amateur radio. One of IARU’s tasks during each WRC is to try to get administrations to remove their country’s name from footnotes that prevent amateurs in that country from using spectrum that is available for amateur radio usage in other countries.
There are other agenda items which the IARU has determined to be a low threat to the amateur radio and the amateur-satellite services but those items will be closely watched by the IARU Team at the WRC-12 to make sure they do not negatively impact amateur radio.
WRC-12 started on Monday, 23 January and will conclude on Friday, 17 February. During this four week period, as the working groups and sub-working groups go through the agenda items I will report any significant developments in subsequent electronic newsletters.
Zo.5-2-2012: Repeaters Den Haag PI1HGL & PI2HGL
Van de Werkgroep Repeaters Haaglanden, PA5K-Kees kwam het volgende bericht binnen met een nieuwsoverzicht over de Haagse repeaters en een oproep voor donatie, dat warm aanbevolen wordt en niet alleen de zendamateurs, die regelmatig van betreffende repeaters PI1HGL & PI2HGL gebruik maken.
Lees daarom verder:
All,
Als je deze mail hebt ontvangen, ben je hoogstwaarschijnlijk bekend als voormalig donateur, sponsor, leverancier en/of vaste gebruiker van een van de Haagsche Repeaters PI1HGL en/of PI2HGL.
Middels deze mail, willen we jullie informeren over het "wel en wee"
van de repeaters het afgelopen jaar 2011 en uiteraard een oproep doen, om mee te werken om de repeaters middels een donatie in stand te houden de komende periode.
Afgelopen jaar is er een aardige stap gezet m.b.t. het realiseren van een D-Star relais in de wijk Mariahoeve op de van Nispenflat van ruim 50 meter hoogte..
In augustus is PI1HGL verhuisd naar de nieuwe locatie om te zien hoe e.e.a. zich radiotechnisch hield en vervolgens is in september de koppeling aan het internet gerealiseerd.
PI1HGL is binnen korte periode zeer bekend geworden en wordt ook druk gebruikt, al dan niet verbonden aan de landelijke reflector.
Voor de komende periode staat in ieder geval op het programma, om gefaseerd een antenne met hogere gain en daarna een pre-amp te plaatsen, zodat de reikwijdte nog beter wordt.
PI2HGL staat nog steeds aan op "de Lamel" aan de Neherkade en voldoet nog steeds aan de behoefte. Komende periode zal er onderhoud aan deze repeater worden verricht, waarbij o.a. een nieuwe antenne zal worden geplaatst.
Verder zal er een remote-control worden geplaatst, zodat de repeater uitgeschakeld kan worden door uitsluitend de beheerders, in geval van incidenten, zoals we in het verleden herhaaldelijk hebben meegemaakt.
Hiermee tonen we Agentschap Telecom in ieder geval aan, dat wij er alles aan doen om dit soort acties te voorkomen.
Het beheer van de beide repeaters wordt belangeloos door een aantal
enthousiaste amateurs gedaan in spaarzame vrije uurtjes.
Echter zijn er ook zaken, die geld kosten, welke mede door de amateurgemeenschap gedragen worden.
Hierbij valt te denken aan o.a. aanschaf materialen, machtigingsgeld en verzekeringen.
Deze kosten worden altijd betaald uit een hiervoor beschikbare pot.
We worden de laatste jaren echter geconfronteerd met het feit, dat er meer de pot uitgaat, dan dat er inkomt door sterk teruglopende donaties.
Deze terugloop is goed te zien op de pagina waarin donateurs staan vermeldt, KLIK HIER. Ik wil graag een beroep op jullie doen om deze pot op peil te houden en hiermee een stabiele basis voor de toekomst in stand te houden.
Samengevat: Deze actieve benadering welke we via deze weg niet eerder hebben gedaan, is feitelijk een oproep om te doneren.
Als je wilt doneren, kan dat op GIRO 6932758 t.a.v. Repeater Haaglanden
Geen minimum bedrag, wel een vermelding als donateur op de WEBSITE tenzij nadrukkelijk aangegeven dit niet te willen.
We zien graag uw bijdrage tegemoet. Alvast dank hiervoor.
Namens de Werkgroep Repeaters Haaglanden,
Kees Baaij, PA5K
Do.2-2-2012: Digital Radio 2012 - a 'visionary' year
The next 12 months will confirm that radio has a digital hybrid future. The view is expressed in a collection of essays published on Tuesday by the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) New Radio Group.
The ‘Digital Radio in 2012′ document also draws a clear distinction between the world of broadcast and broadband radio. It predicts that specific roles will emerge for digital terrestrial broadcasting (DTR) technologies such as DAB+, and internet streaming platforms, during what is set to be an eventful year for Europe’s digital radio project.
Chairman Mats Åkerlund says consumers can also expect new and exciting visual content to complement traditional radio output. “Hybrid technology combines the strengths of broadcast and the internet, enabling broadcasters to fill blank screens with descriptive text, social media feeds, maps, medal tables and slideshows.”
The breakthrough means that consumers, struggling under the strain of expensive online plans will be able to demand zero-cost broadcast services.
“Multi-standard digital radio chips are on the way, meaning consumers no longer have to make decisions about preferred broadcast platforms or significantly, the inclusion of broadcast radio reception in tablet devices. This in turn will likely encourage the production of hybrid visual elements alongside traditional radio output.”
The New Radio Group (NRG) provides a forum for elected experts from Member organisations to share knowledge about digital hybrid radio. The Group looks at ways of exploiting the opportunities provided by new technologies to create relevant content, reach new audiences and enhance interactivity.
Download Digital Radio in 2012.
Source: Media Network, EBU
Wo.1-2-2012: Nogmaals het gebruik 'BEMANDE' repeater en regelgeving / A.T.-reactie
Van Wim-pd2wvh kregen we de volgende mail toegestuurd, met toestemming voor plaatsing, over het BEMANDE gebruik van repeaters, (APRS-) digipeaters, D-star hotspots en transponders.
AFBEELDING: alleen onbemande repeaters zijn toegestaan om door derden (wel te verstaan 'geregistreerde' zendamateurs) te worden gebruikt!
Nogmaals hier aandacht aan besteed en voor alle duidelijkheid, wordt de mailuitwisseling integraal geplaatst:
Uw naam : Wim Verzaal PD2WVH
Opmerking : Beste medewerkers van Agentschap Telecom,
Ik heb de volgende vraag : Ik ben zendamateur en Ik heb gehoord via de Borrelronde Delft dat bemande repeaters niet meer mogen.
Ik zou daar graag iets meer over willen weten ,want wat mag er nu nog eigenlijk.
Ik heb de van kenwood, de TMD 710 en de TMD 700. Daar is een digipeater ingebouwd voor APRS en een transponder, die werkt van 2 mtr naar 70 cm en andersom. Ik zou graag willen weten of, als ik uiteraard bij de set aanwezig ben, mijn Digipeater voor APRS mag gebruiken zodat stations in de buurt waaronder mobiel- en portable-stations via mijn digipeater worden gerayeleerd.
En hoe is dat met mijn transponderfunctie van 2 mtr naar 70 cm of van HF naar VHF UHF mag dat nog?
Ik had gehoord, als ik praat via mijn transponder met een andere amateur dan mag ik dat wel, maar hij mag niet terug worden gerayeleerd naar mij. Maar als dit zo is, dan heb ik toch niets meer aan m'n transponder en APRS werkt toch eigenlijk ook zo. En bemande D-star hotspots mogen dan toch ook niet meer, evenals Echolink en teamspeak...
Ik zou het erg jammer vinden als de bemande digipeater niet meer zou mogen, omdat het APRS dan toch wel zal verdwijnen. Ik wacht met veel belangsteling op Uw antwoord.
M.V.G. Wim PD2WVH
Geachte heer Verzaal,
Bedankt voor uw bericht.
Inderdaad bemande repeaters zijn niet toegestaan. Dit bericht staat op onze website.
Agentschap Telecom neemt zaken waar die niet in overeenstemming zijn met de Regeling gebruik van frequentieruimte zonder vergunning 2008.
Repeaters: alleen met vergunning
Een aantal zendamateurs heeft een radiostation, dat op afstand kan worden bediend. Dit is toegestaan zolang de betreffende zendamateur de enige is die het radiostation kan bedienen voor het maken van een verbinding. Is dit radiostation ook door andere registratiehouders te bedienen voor het maken van een verbinding, dan functioneert dit radiostation als een repeater. Als geen vergunning is verleend voor onbemand frequentiegebruik, dan is dit radiostation feitelijk een illegale repeater. Voor repeaters geldt namelijk dat deze alleen zijn toegestaan als een vergunning is verleend door het agentschap.
Overtreding
Zendamateurs die dit soort gebruik van hun radiostation toestaan, zijn in overtreding. Agentschap Telecom gaat strenger controleren op dit gebruik en zal bij het constateren van overtredingen passende maatregelen nemen.
EINDE BERICHT
Dit alles is conform de Regeling van frequentieruimte zonder vergunning 2008.
Artikel 11.1 a
o 1. Bij gebruik van frequentieruimte met de bestemming ‘amateur’ of ‘amateursatelliet’ wordt, onverlet artikel 9, voldaan aan de volgende voorschriften:
a. de radiozendamateur die het radiozendapparaat bedient, is bij het station aanwezig of draagt er zorg voor dat alleen hij zijn station op afstand kan bedienen;
Het relayeren en transponderen van signalen en koppelen met teamspeak, echolink en andere toepassingen, waarbij externen uw zendontvanger-repeater-digipeater bedienen zijn niet toegestaan, ook al bent u zelf bij de zendontvanger aanwezig.
Het gebruik van transponders etc. is alleen voor eigen gebruik van radiozendamateur die het apparaat bezit.
Voor alle overige experimenten m.b.t. repeaters, LAP´s etc. dient u een vergunning voor onbemand frequentiegebruik aan te vragen.
Kortom, uw interpretatie over wat is toegestaan is helemaal juist!
Hiermee hoop ik u voldoende te hebben ingelicht.
Met vriendelijke groet,
Ing. A. Ballast
Coördinator Amateurzaken
S-VE
...................................................
Ministerie van Economische Zaken, Landbouw en Innovatie
Emmasingel 1 | 9726 AH | Groningen
Postbus 450 | 9700 AL | Groningen
Di.31-1-2012: De elektronische afvalberg van Europa
Het Europees Parlement lanceert strengere normen voor de inzameling en recyclage van kapotte koelkasten, overbodige gsm's en ander elektronisch afval. Om recyclage te stimuleren wil Europa de consumenten mogelijkheden bieden om klein afval terug te brengen naar de grotere elektrowinkels zonder dat ze een nieuw apparaat moeten kopen.
Met een overgrote meerderheid schaarde het halfrond in Straatsburg zich achter de versterking van de richtlijn over elektrisch en elektronisch afval. In 2016 moeten de meeste lidstaten 45 ton e-afval hebben ingezameld voor iedere 100 ton e-goederen die drie jaar eerder werd verkocht. Tegen 2019 moet 65 procent ingezameld worden.
België is één van de beste leerlingen van de klas. In ons land wordt via Recupel bijna 10 kilogram per inwoner per jaar opgehaald, terwijl de huidige Europese doelstelling slechts 4 kilogram bedraagt. Zo zamelt België volgens Agoria nu reeds 42 procent van de jaarlijks verkochte massa aan elektrotoestellen in. Er moet dus nog een inspanning van ruim 20 procent geleverd worden. De federatie van de technologiesector meent dat deze doelstelling moeilijk haalbaar wordt indien afvalhandelaars blijven ontsnappen aan de verplichtingen.
Het dumpen van afgedankte elektronische spullen werkt niet enkel vervuiling in de hand, maar vormt ook verspilling van de kostbare grondstoffen die ze bevatten. "Vandaag kan je uit een ton gsm's zo'n 300 gram goud winnen, terwijl een ton gouderts amper 2 à 3 gram goud bevat. Als je beseft dat gsm's nauwelijks gerecycleerd worden, wordt het duidelijk dat de hedendaagse goldrush zich beter kan richten op afval dan op mijnbouw", stelt Kathleen Van Brempt (sp.a).
Om recyclage te stimuleren biedt de nieuwe Europese wetgeving consumenten mogelijkheden om kapotte gsm's en ander klein afval terug te brengen naar de winkels, zonder dat een nieuwe aankoop verplicht is. Wel gaat het enkel om winkels met een verkoopsoppervlakte groter dan 400 vierkante meter. Bovendien kunnen winkels vrijgesteld worden indien er een alternatief inzamelsysteem voorhanden is. De zelfstandigenorganisaties Unizo en NSZ zijn vragende partij. "Het massaal stockeren van klein elektro-afval is geen taak voor handelszaken", luidt het.
De wetgeving pakt ook de export van afval naar de derde wereld aan. Momenteel vertrekt veel afval massaal naar landen in Azië en Afrika, waar het vaak wordt verwerkt in vervuilende en ongezonde omstandigheden. Alleen al in de haven van het Nigeriaanse Lagos komen volgens schattingen per maand ongeveer vijfhonderd containers met elektronisch afval uit Europa aan.
Door de nieuwe regels verschuift de bewijslast van de douane naar de exporteurs. Zij moeten voortaan bewijzen dat de getransporteerde producten bestemd zijn voor reparatie of hergebruik en niet zomaar gedumpt worden. "Het illegaal exporteren van elektronisch afval vormt een grote bedreiging voor de leefomgeving en de gezondheid van de inwoners van deze landen. Europa moet zelf haar zaakjes op orde krijgen en de problemen niet afschuiven op ontwikkelingslanden", besluit Bart Staes (Groen).
Over de nieuwe recyclagedoelstellingen is lang onderhandeld met de lidstaten. Zij moeten het akkoord nog bekrachtigen. Ten laatste achttien maanden na verschijning in het Europese Publicatieblad moeten de lidstaten de nieuwe regels omgezet hebben.
Lees ook: De Morgen
(HD:muziekmuseum)
Di.31-1-2012: Nieuws van de Deutsche Welle
* Deutsche Welle: new website, new corporate design
Deutsche Welle (DW) will be launching its completely redesigned website on 6 February. The multilingual, multimedia online portal will be available at www.dw.de. “The new website encompasses everything that DW has to offer – articles, audio, video and interactive content,” said DW Director General Erik Bettermann. “DW.de is a source of reliable information from Germany and high-quality journalistic content in 30 languages. A refreshing colour concept and modern design give the site a friendly face.”
Comprehensive corporate identity
A new corporate identity has been developed to unite the organization – including the new television and online services. Mr Bettermann said that more and more countries are looking for attention in the battle for opinions around the globe. “With this in mind, the new corporate design is an essential investment for a successful presence in the international media industry.” He went on to say that the numerous new platforms and distribution channels that are available require an overarching concept to ensure that an organization is quickly recognized and hard to forget.
Deutsche Welle has adapted to these conditions. In the future, the organization will be represented by a single logo that reflects all of its services – around the world and in every language.
Picture: DW new logo on top at the right
(Source: Deutsche Welle/rnw-medianetwork)
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* DW expands TV programme in Latin America
Deutsche Welle (DW) will be expanding its Spanish television service for Latin America from two to 20 hours daily, starting on 5 February, 2012. At a press conference today in Berlin, DW Director General Erik Bettermann said the new lineup for viewers between Mexico and Tierra del Fuego is part of a comprehensive reform process designed to reposition Germany’s international broadcaster. The core of this process focuses on improved communication with the target audience through new, defined, language-based channels, regionalized programming and a variety of multimedia content that can be used online. “These changes highlight a milestone for representing Germany better around the world,” said Mr Bettermann.
The Director General went on to say that the commitment to Latin America represents the importance of the region to Germany. Mr Bettermann said the expansion of the programme for Latin America will significantly increase DW’s presence there. At the World Economic Forum in Davos on 26 January, Mexican President Felipe Calderón said: “It is great to have a partner like Deutsche Welle broadcasting for 20 hours in Spanish. It opens up new opportunities in Latin America. The programme will be a bridge to Europe, and Germany in particular.”
DW has seen success in Latin America from day one The competitive television market in Latin America is flooded with commercial, public and, increasingly, international broadcasters. “The key to success lies with our partners in Latin America,” said Mr Bettermann. Around 850 partners throughout the region have included DW programming in their lineups so far - and negotiations with other partners are currently under way. “To be even more successful in Latin America, we are working create more regional programming in Spanish,” said Mr Bettermann. DW’s 24-hour schedule for Latin America includes four hours of German programming.
Regionalized channels worldwide
But DW won’t only be setting the tone in Latin America on February 6. There will be two channels for nearly every region around the world, with the exception of sub-Saharan Africa. Until now, this had only been the case with DW’s dual-channel concept for Asia.
The basis will be a new channel that will feature 24 hours of English programming broadcast in North America, Africa, Asia and Australia. That will be expanded worldwide with regional channels focusing on other languages: In North and Latin America and Asia, the second channel will be made up of 20 hours of programming in German and four hours in English. In the Arab world, there will be a channel featuring 10 hours of Arabic programming and 14 hours of English; and in Europe, DW will broadcast 18 hours of English and six hours of German during primetime.
“With English as the international lingua franca we will be able to reach our most important target audience - people who are interested in information from Germany and Europe and who act as regional and international opinion leaders,” explained Bettermann. “In America and Asia, we have simultaneously expanded our TV programming in German. We can also make use of more programming from the German public broadcasters ARD and ZDF for these lineups.”
In the future, programming from ARD and ZDF will make up around 60 percent of the entire programme. “This intensified cooperation will only help increase Germany’s presence in the international media landscape. We want to show only the best that Germany has to offer,” said Bettermann. He went on to say that the cooperation with national partners helps DW to increase its television programme in additional languages.
(Source: Deutsche Welle/rnw-medianetwork)
Di.31-1-2012: 54th JOTA report online
The report of the 54th Jamboree On The Air (JOTA) held October 15-16, 2011 is now available.
Read the report HERE
Reports from previous JOTA's are available HERE
Ma.30-1-2012: Media Network Vintage Vault - Chernobyl
The latest addition to the Media Network Vintage Vault is an edition of the radio show from 1986 - Chernobyl on the Radio.
The description says:
We had no idea of what had really happened in the Ukraine at the end of April 1986. I remember that when the news broke, we were celebrating Queen's Day in the Netherlands (April 30th). I tuned into Radio Moscow and Radio Kiev, but they didn't give us much detail. I love the offhand way the announcer in Kiev says "and now sports". The programme also had contact with Pat Gowan, G3IOR a radio amateur in the UK who monitors and contacts Russian amateurs on a regular basis. He confirmed that amateurs in Kiev made no mention of the situation.
In other news, the Head of the Russian service of Radio Liberty, Oleg Tumanov turns up in Moscow denouncing the station. It seems he had been a KGB agent - at least according to the book that came out later.
Captain Midnight blocks HBO satellite signal in protest at the new rates being charged. It turns out later that this is a satellite engineer based in Florida. NDXE announces a date for buying the transmitter. KVOH has also hit some delays.
Len Scott of the English service of Radio Budapest talks about plans to have sponsored programmes.
Andy Sennitt rounds off the show with a contribution from the WRTH office in Copenhagen.
Listen to MN.02.05.1986: Chernobyl on the Radio
Media Network Vintage Vault - Relive international shortwave radio between 1981-2000 through a radio show about media. More than 180 complete programmes posted here to enjoy all over again:
http://jonathanmarks.libsyn.com/
Zo.29-1-2012: Zonnestroom scheelt consument geld
Het is voor huiseigenaren goedkoper om zonnepanelen om hun huis te plaatsen, dan dat ze stroom afnemen van energieleveranciers. Dat meldde het radioprogramma Vroege Vogels van de VARA vanochtend op basis van onderzoek van de organisatie Natuur & Milieu en de ASN BANK.
Zonnepanelen werden de afgelopen jaren 80 procent goedkoper, waardoor een kilowattuur zonnestroom nog maar 21 cent kost. Bij de energieleveranciers stegen de prijzen juist tot 25 cent. Een consument zou 'duizenden euro's kunnen besparen door zonnepanelen op zijn dak te leggen', beweert Natuur & Milieu. (ANP/ Redactie)
(HD:ad/nl13286-daniel)
Za.28-1-2012: Op diverse QRG's van amateurbanden wordt weer levendig 'gedisputeerd' over...
(HD:pd4th-ton)
Vr.27-1-2012: Announcing the 160m Band Utilization Chart
The '160m Band Utilization Chart' is exactly that. It is not a 'bandplan', nor even an 'unofficial bandplan'. Rather, it is an attempt to graphically portray the modes that are actually in use on 160m today.
INFO
The chart does not tell you where people should operate. It tells you where people actually do operate.
Although the essence of the chart is to show actual use of the band, the bandplans for each of the three IARU Regions are also included for reference, as they differ significantly in some respects between the regions.
There is a clear distinction on the chart between dial frequencies and emitted frequencies, helping you to accurately set the correct frequency and to identify signals as they appear on the waterfall.
This release is very sparse, and I know it could do with improvement. Please study it carefully, and if you spot any errors or omissions, please let me know as soon as possible, to g3nrw-radio@ntlworld.com
In particular, I would like to know details of any other digital activity on the band (including MT63, Throb, Hell, Olivia, MFSK16 etc).
If you are interested in digital operation on 160, you should join the new Top Band Digital Group (TBD160) to keep up to date with current thinking: INFO
And if your preference is for 30m operation, there is a similar chart at: INFO
73
Ian, G3NRW
The 160m Band Utilization Chart: INFO
The Top Band Digital Group (TBD160): INFO
The 30m Band Utilization Chart: INFO
Di.24-1-2012: Voortgang herstelwerkzaamheden zendtoren Hoogersmilde
Deze week wederom een kijkje genomen bij de herstelwerkzaamheden op de Alticom toren te Hoogersmilde. Met dank aan bouwbedrijf BAM.
Kijk hier voor de reportage welke gemaakt is.
(HD:rtvinnl)
Ma.23-1-2012: Video of Codec2 presentation
David Rowe VK5DGR gave a presentation on the amateur radio digital voice Codec2 to the linux.conf.au 2012 in Ballarat, Jan 16-20, and was voted best paper of the conference.
Codec2 is an open source low bit rate speech codec designed for communications quality speech at around 2400 bit/s.
Applications include low bandwidth HF/VHF digital radio and VOIP trunking. Codec 2 operating at 2000 bit/s can send 32 phone calls using the bandwidth required for one 64 kbit/s uncompressed phone call. It fills a gap in open source, free-as-in-speech voice codecs beneath 5000 bit/s and is released under the GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL).
Watch Codec 2 - Open Source Speech Coding at 2400 bit/s and Below - David Rowe:
VIDEO
Slides in Open office format INFO
linux.conf.au 2012 INFO
Read the David Rowe VK5DGR blog HERE
Join the Codec2 email list HERE
Vr.20-1-2012: PSK2K – a new meteorscatter mode by DJ5HG
PSK2K is a meteor scatter mode that enables multiple contacts to take place on a single frequency.
PSK2k is high speed meteor scatter software written by Klaus DJ5HG (Prof. of Computer Science at University Hamburg). It allows 2 way MS QSO’s to be conducted with any suitable transceiver/PC/soundcard combination.
PSK2k is fully error correcting and call specific in operation so you will only see the QSO in progress and any non-QSO CQ or QST text. All other transmissions (other people also in QSO) are discarded. This allows multiple QSO’s to take place on a single frequency.
PSK2k can be operated in fully automatic mode if required. This enables QSO’s to be completed fully automatically without user intervention. Important advantages are that long term testing can be done, on QRP power for instance, without having to sit at a monitor every period.
(source: INFO)
Note: this software can run in automatic operation means no active OP next to TRX ! In automatic operation all stations will be answered who call you. Also a special contest mode is there with exchange of serial number, full locator, QTF, transmitted power, antenna gain.
Download PSK2K from HERE
PSK2K Yahoo Group INFO
Do.19-1-2012: Wat er mis ging met SAQ
Niet iedereen zal het meegekregen hebben, maar de jaarlijkse uitzending van de enige nog werkende machinezender SAQ in het Zweedse Grimeton op 24 december 2011 ging dit keer de mist in. Inmiddels is bekend wat er precies gebeurd is.
De reden van de problemen met SAQ op 24 december was vermoedelijk een beschadigde zekering in het stuurcircuit van de 500 V DC generator. De zekering was niet kapot, maar had een vrij hoge weerstand (150 ohm). Door het verlies van het stuurvermogen naar de DC generator, raakte men ook de controle kwijt over de smoorspoelen in de leidingen naar de hoofdmotor en daarmee was ook de controle over de snelheid van de hoofdgenerator weg.
Het verwarrende was, dat het probleem precies optrad op het moment dat de antenne met de generator werd verbonden. De zender was nog maar een paar seconden in de lucht met een naar beneden weglopende frequentie toen de antenne automatisch losgekoppeld werd door het beveiligingscircuit in de snelheidscontrole.
Op 10 januari heeft een extra testuitzending plaatsgevonden en alles functioneert weer als vanouds.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The problem with SAQ on Christmas Eve
The reason for the trouble with SAQ on Chrismas Eve was most probably a damaged fuse in the excitation circuit for the 500 V DC generator. The fuse was not completely blown but measured a very high resistance (150 ohm). When we lost the excitation current to the DC generator, we also lost the control current to the choke coils in the conductors to the main motor, and thereby the speed control of the alternator was lost.It was confusing that the problem occured exactly when we connected the running alternator to the antenna. We were actually on air a few seconds with decreasing frequency until the antenna was disconnected by the protection circuit in the speed control.
(HD:saq/hetbarnet)
Ma.16-1-2012: Gloednieuw eiland
In de Rode Zee is een nieuw, vulkanisch eiland opgedoken in slechts een paar dagen. Nabij de kust van Jemen verscheen plotseling een nieuw stukje Aarde.
De eilandvorming werd gespot door de NASA-satelliet Earth Observing-1. Eind december werd de eerste rookwolk uit de oceaan opgemerkt en nog geen week later, op 7 januari, vormde zich al een volledig eiland.
Volgens NASA is het stuk grond nu al “530 bij 710 meter in doorsnede”. Op de foto hierboven is te zien hoe het eiland zich vormde. Rookwolken en vulkaangassen blazen nog steeds uit de oceaan.
(HD:detelegraaf/nl13286-daniel)
Wo.11-1-2012: S.O.W. verhuur bestolen
Via deze weg willen we mededelen dat er de afgelopen week is ingebroken in de torenkraan van S.O.W. verhuur, welke nog in Zwartemeer stond en waar deze in de verhuur was.
Kraan stond opgesteld aan de Eemlandsweg te Zwartemeer. De sloten van de opslagbakken zijn opengebroken en er is een raam ingegooid.
Het volgende is gestolen :
- 65 meter 1 5/8 Coax kabel met aan beide kanten 10KW flensen (flenzen zijn niet hetzelfde).
- 1 splinternieuwe Aldena koppelbalk 10kw in en 6x7/16uit. Deze is wit gespoten.
- Divers gereedschap.
Wie weet wie dit onlangs in zijn bezit heeft gekregen of misschien ergens te koop aanbiedt.
Graag horen we van jullie. Degene met de gouden tip die naar de dader(s) leidt, krijgt € 1250,-
Mvg.
Station S.O.W. Genemuiden
(HD:etherpiraten)
Ma.9-1-2012: QRP success with OPERA
Andy K3UK reports success using his 10 MHz QRP station and the new digital mode OPERA.
On the Digital Radio Yahoo group he writes:
Had my first reported reception of my Opera 2 signal today...
15:19 500 K3UK de WD4KPD Op2 796 km +0 dB in 10.135 op2
+0 dB not bad since I was using 5 watts on 30 meters with an 80M Inverted V and a tuner.
Opera 1.0.3 Beta can be downloaded from THE WEB
For the latest version check the O_P_E_R_A_ Yahoo group HERE
Join the Digital Radio Yahoo group on THE WEB
Vr.6-1-2012: This 1988 'soundscape' melds the sounds of 'Cold War Shortwave'
YouTube, 20 Dec 2011, aVideoLifeUSA, Paul Dougherty: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RNJTCfhDy9E "VOA's Communications World featuring 'Cold War Shortwave' [and] interview [by one Kim Andrew Elliott] with [its creator] Paul Dougherty. ... [T]hough recorded in the mid-80's this soundscape of the 'old broadcast order' sounds delightfully archaic. This pre-Web 'global village' contains a strong dose of anti-American propaganda, but seems more mysterious than strident." -- While Cold War Shortwave was recorded in 1988, I recorded the interview with Paul in the latter 1990s. If you prefer not to listen to me, here's the standalone version of Cold War Shortwave. Thanks to Mike Barraclough for letting us know these are now on YouTube.
(HD:kimandrewelliott)
Vr.6-1-2012: New data mode crosses Atlantic on 136kHz at the first attempt
Running no more than 400 watts to a 12 meter top loaded vertical , with a carrier frequency of 137.5 kHz, estimated ERP of no more than 250 mW, Gary G4WGT using the new ‘OPERA’ data system successfully
transmitted a signal to Joe VO1NA, at a range of 3500 Km .
Joe completed Six decodes of Gary’s full call in a period of 2 hours, the first being at 21:43z, unexpectedly early in the night.
In contrast, using the established very slow cw QRSS and visual spectrum decoding, at QRSS 60, the call sign "G4WGT" will take 54 minutes to send, and would need to be visible on the plot. The 136KHz version of Opera taking only 8 ,or 31 minutes at enhanced s/n performance , the 500 Khz coding taking 2 or 15. Minutes
The OPERA mode was envisaged by Graham G0NBD, as a way of providing data operations for stations who had only the capability of CW operation, to date, all data modes required the modulation of the transmitted carrier, either by frequency, phase or amplitude changes. This was to only use off/on keying.
Outlining the idea to J Ros, EA5HVK author of the now established ROS Data mode, Jose Ros, after some email exchange’s, in turn took on the coding of the mode, using DSP techniques he had refined during the development of the ROS data mode and produced a complete windows compatible Tx/Rx package with internet spotting and chat facility, with com-port keying and audio tx drive. Far exceeding the original ‘idea’!
Initial testing was conducted on the 500kHz experimental band, with G0NDB and G4WGT, later other stations joined the test group and Gus
SM6BHZ made successful 136 transmissions using the then OP65 mode.
Opera encodes the data and keys the transmitter with a sequence of variable length ‘dots and dashes’ extend out along a time line, with surprising results, the 2 minute version achieving a s/n performance similar to the established WSPR system and the longer versions are capable of many dB’s lower.
Reception is facilitated in the normal ‘data’ way of taking audio from the receiver and decoding with software, decoding may take place with up to 33% data loss , development continues at a pace and the most up to date info can be found HERE, OPERA is now listed as a mode on the PSK-Reporting map.
Do5-1-2012: CQ Egypt Magazine
The 5th issue of 'CQ EGYPT' Amateur Radio Magazine is now available to download.
One of the foremost goals of the Egyptian Radio Amateurs Society (ERASD) is providing educational programs and materials to promote amateur radio and develop the scientific and technical skills of the Egyptian and Arab youth.
In this context, ERASD is currently issued every two months an online magazine focused on simplifying science and technology to youth in general, and more particularly in areas related to amateur radio and satellite.
The Magazine articles will be mix of English and Arabic.
'CQ EGYPT' Amateur Radio Magazine. The January 2012 issue is NOW on-line at the ERASD Site HERE
Find The Egyptian Radio Amateurs Society ERASD on the Facebook HERE
Wo.4-1-2012: QRM van Hotspot PB7TT op 433,175 MHz ongegrond
Al enige tijd gaan er aantijgingen richting een zendamateur in deze regio Haaglanden, als zou de D-star hotspot van Ronald-PB7TT storing veroorzaken op de 70cm-band, met name op de QRG 433,175 MHz.
Jan-PE1HAK, die deze frequentie veelvuldig gebruikt met o.a. LPDers, klaagde in zijn uitzendingen over storing op zijn apparatuur, als de hotspot in de ether actief werd.
Woensdagmiddag zijn er daarom metingen bij Ronald-PB7TT verricht, onder het bij de zendamateurs bekende motto 'meten is weten'. De resultaten zijn hier op bijgevoegde screenshots te zien.
Resultaat is, dat zelfs bij meer vermogen, het uitgestraalde signaal van de apparatuur van Ronald-PB7TT helemaal 'schoon' blijkt en de QRM-oorzaak bij Jan-PE1HAK gezocht moet worden.
Conclusie is dan ook, dat Ronald-PB7TT zijn D-star hotspot zonder problemen in de ether kan houden.
Oorzaak: Hoogstwaarschijnlijk ontstaan er bij Jan-PE1HAK mengproducten in zijn ontvanger van o.a. de C2000-mast, die een paar honderd meter van zijn QTH afstaat en de Hotspot, die hemelsbreed eveneens niet ver verwijderd is.
Oplossing: Een banddoorlaatfilter, waarmee alleen 430 tot 440 MHz wordt doorgelaten, of een coaxstub op de C2000-frequentie (ca. -30dB) zou mogelijk een oplossing voor Jan-PE1HAK zijn probleem zijn.
(HD:jotoma-consortium)
Wo.4-1-2012: Amateur Radio in new movie
The ARRL report that the plot of a new movie Journey 2: The Mysterious Island hinges on Amateur Radio.
From THE WEB
According to previews, the plot of the movie Journey 2: The Mysterious Island -- set to be released February 10 -- hinges on Amateur Radio.
The movie’s hero Sean Anderson (played by Josh Hutcherson) receives a coded distress signal that comes from a mysterious island where no island should exist. Sean decides to follow the signal with the unwilling assistance from his stepfather Hank (played by Dwayne “The Rock” Johnson).
Sean explains to Hank why he wants to hunt down the signal: “A few nights ago, a radio signal got sent out from these coordinates. It could be the mysterious island that Jules Verne wrote about.”
Hank replies: “You think you’re gonna travel halfway around the world and meet up with some lunatic who’s messing around on a ham radio?”
“That’s not some lunatic,” Sean says. “That’s my grandfather.”
Other than this mention of “ham radio,” it is not yet known how Amateur Radio will be featured in the movie.
Together, Sean and Hank fly out to a tropical island to begin their quest. There, they meet up with Gabato (a helicopter pilot played by Luis Guzman) and his daughter Kailani (played by Vanessa Hudgens).
The group sets out to find the island, where they find the island’s lone human inhabitant: Sean’s grandfather (played by Michael Caine). For a while, the five enjoy the wonders of the island -- the lost world of Atlantis -- but soon, seismic shockwaves begin destroying this rediscovered world. They must escape before the island is forced under the sea and its treasures are buried forever.
In the summer of 2011, two movies featured Amateur Radio: Mr Poppers Penguins and Super 8. While it was exciting to see ham radio on the big screen, there were inaccuracies in its portrayal, ranging from incorrect frequencies to the wrong equipment being used. Radio amateurs are holding out high hopes for Last Man Standing, a new situation comedy that currently airs on Tuesday nights on ABC. The ARRL has been working closely with Last Man Standing producer John Amodeo, NN6JA, to ensure that Amateur Radio will be portrayed correctly.
You can watch the trailer for Journey 2: The Mysterious Island at THE WEB
Ma.2-1-2012: TU Delft wil wereldspeler worden in procestechnologie
AMSTERDAM - De Technische Universiteit Delft wil al zijn technologische kennis op het gebied van industriële processen bundelen en verwacht daarmee tot de wereldtop te kunnen gaan behoren, zo meldt het instituut maandag.
De TU wil zich specialiseren in het efficiënter maken van productieprocessen, het werken met biologische grondstoffen (biochemische procestechnologie) en het ontwikkelen van nieuwe materialen.
Het onderzoek naar onder meer energiezuinige productieprocessen, afvalverwerking, waterzuivering en alternatieven voor schaarse grondstoffen heeft vaak een duurzame kant, aldus de universiteit. "Niet alleen belangrijk dus voor de industrie, maar voor de hele samenleving", aldus Andrzej Stankiewicz, die directeur wordt van het nieuwe instituut.
Plasma
Als aansprekend voorbeeld noemt de TU de ontwikkeling van een heel nieuw toilet gebaseerd op plasmatechnologie, waarvoor de de universiteit in 2011 een subsidie kreeg van de Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. Hierbij worden uitwerpselen eerst gedroogd en daarna vergast met plasmastraling, en is er geen aansluiting nodig op water, energie of een riolering.
De universiteit hoopt met het bundelen van de kennis in het zogeheten 'TU Delft Process Technology Institute' de concurrentie met landen als China en India beter aan te kunnen. "In Nederland is er juist sprake van sterk afnemende investeringen in de industrie", zegt Stankiewicz.
Ook loopt de belangstelling van studenten voor het vakgebied volgens hem terug. "Het tij moet dus gekeerd en het nieuwe instituut kan daar een rol in spelen."
(HD:nu.nl)
Ma.2-1-2012: AMSAT-UK 80m Net on the web
Simon Brown HB9DRV has made available a recording of Sunday's AMSAT-UK 80m net that he made from a remote receiver in Poole, Dorset.
The net is held every Sunday morning at 10am local time on a nominal frequency of 3.780 MHz. Due to interference the net may move either side of that frequency so tune around. Newcomers are most welcome to call-in.
AMSAT-UK Net recorded Sunday, January 1, 2012 LISTEN HERE
You can listen to the remote radio of Paul M0EYT in Poole, Dorset as well as other remote receivers in the United Kingdom and around the world via the Web Servers (Free) page INFO HERE
Another web based radio site is FIND HERE
AMSAT-UK: WEB-INFORMATION
Ma.2-1-2012: Electromagnetic Interference Page
Mark Demeuleneere ON4WW has a useful page, with sound clips, that covers the many cases of interference he's dealt with over the years,
covering everything from a Rain Gutter to Plasma TV's and LED lighting
The ON4WW EMI - RFI page LOOK HERE
Do.29-12-2011: Voor inwoners Samoa & Tokelau zal 30-12-2011 nooit hebben bestaan
Samoa and Tokelau to cross international date line
The tiny South Pacific nation of Samoa and its neighbour Tokelau will jump forward in time tonight, crossing westward over the international date line to align themselves with their other 21st century trading partners throughout the region.
At the stroke of midnight tonight (29 December), time in Samoa and Tokelau will leap forward to 31 December - New Year’s Eve. For Samoa’s 186,000 citizens, and the 1,500 in Tokelau, Friday 30 December 2011 will simply cease to exist.
Wo.21-12-2011: Bio-batterij haalt energie uit oud papier
Sony heeft een prototype van een batterij getoond die energie haalt uit oud papier. De technologie wekt elektriciteit op door versnipperd papier in suiker om te zetten wat vervolgens gebruikt wordt als brandstof.
De Japanse elektronicagigant toonde het prototype vorige week tijdens de Eco-Products tentoonstelling in Tokio. Kinderen mochten stukjes papier en karton in een vloeistof laten vallen, bestaande uit water en enzymen en het goedje vervolgens schudden. De installatie was verbonden met een kleine ventilator die een paar minuten later begon te draaien.
Mocht de innovatie uiteindelijk op de markt verschijnen dan betekent dit dat consumenten hun mobiele apparaten kunnen opladen door gebruik te maken van afval. Volgens het onderzoeksteam zijn de bio-batterijen milieuvriendelijk omdat er geen schadelijke chemicaliën of metalen voor gebruikt worden.
(HD:detelegraaf/nl13286-daniel)
